{"id":224,"date":"2014-09-03T11:58:24","date_gmt":"2014-09-03T11:58:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zoldenergiablog.hu\/en\/?page_id=224"},"modified":"2016-05-05T08:53:41","modified_gmt":"2016-05-05T08:53:41","slug":"development-of-clusters-in-hungary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/zoldenergiablog.hu\/en\/archive\/development-of-clusters-in-hungary\/","title":{"rendered":"Development of clusters in Hungary"},"content":{"rendered":"

The first cluster organisations emerged as of 2000 in Hungary, primarily in the more developed regions and in industries, where it was planned to lure further investments. In 2000 the government supported the creation of clusters in a tendering system within the Regional Economy Building Program<\/strong><\/strong> of the Sz\u00e9chenyi Project.<\/strong> Confidence in general is very vulnerable in Hungary, and there is no strong cultural traditions and roots for the cooperation. In this way, the economic policy has a determining role in reinforcing the<\/strong> confidence<\/strong> among companies, and also for exerting influence from above, so that cooperation, network and clusters could emerge among companies<\/strong> still in a spontaneous manner.<\/p>\n

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The initial steps of cluster supporting policy<\/strong><\/strong> occurred in the second half of 1990-ies in Hungary, including supplier programs<\/strong><\/strong>, first at regional <\/strong><\/strong>levels, then at governmental level<\/strong><\/strong> as of 1998. At the level of central governmental policy the aim of the supplier government program<\/strong><\/strong> was specifically to create and support cooperation among companies and other market players. The specific supplier program started in 1998 had the objective of developing supplier relationship among domestic and foreign companies (e.g. in the automotive industry, electronics).<\/p>\n

In the program documents of the support system of the period 2004-2006<\/strong><\/strong> the cooperation and the development of clusters appears only in the document dealing with the development of economy<\/strong><\/strong>. The National Development Plan (NFT) includes the objective of supporting the company cooperation and supplier activities. The cooperating ability and willingness of the KKV proved to be not developed enough, therefore, the New Hungary Development Plan (\u00daMFT) (2007-2013) <\/strong><\/strong>already emphatically deals with the development of clusters through cooperation with KKV, particularly by establishing regional sectoral clusters and supplier networks. The company development program in the New Sz\u00e9chenyi Project (\u00daSZT)<\/strong><\/strong> includes the important task of establishing cooperation among the small companies, and to organise them in an integrated production system, to establish clusters of domestic supplier companies, and thus allowing a better embedding of multinational companies settled here. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

As can be seen, the role of cluster development becoming more and more emphasised within the development efforts, the cluster formation was initiated all over the country, and the supporting system intends to facilitate the development of clusters at various levels in a manner most suited to the present state of the clusters.<\/p>\n

Examples of less successful and successful clusters in Hungary could be mentioned, but it can be seen from international projects that Hungary does not very much lags<\/strong><\/strong> behind with respect to cluster formation, and the best domestic clusters are reliable identities even in the east-middle European relationship. Viable clusters exists only with KKV members (Omnipack packaging Cluster), but experience indicate that funds should be provided by large member companies for the development and to become successful. On the long run this could be accomplished only if large companies recognise the real potentials in the domestic innovative KKV, and a cooperation mutually beneficial for each party is established.<\/p>\n

The present practice in Hungary indicates that lots of Accredited Innovation Clusters<\/strong><\/strong> are not able to become self reliant without governmental support, even if they are at a higher level of development. For reaching success on the long run, therefore, it is desirable to support activities associated with providing high quality services by cluster management organisations<\/strong><\/strong> even in case of Accredited Innovation Clusters. M<\/strong><\/strong>any clusters operate presently with support, but a system is viable on the long run, only if they can be independent from support and becoming self reliant.<\/p>\n

Cluster supporting system:<\/strong><\/p>\n